what is the different between thick and thin disk in vmware Or, thick-provisioned and thin-provisioned disks

what is the different between thick and thin disk in vmware Or,  thick-provisioned and thin-provisioned disks 

thick-provisioned disks are created with the entire size of the disk pre-allocated on physical storage at the time the disk is created. This pre-allocation means that creating a 50GB virtual disk actually consumes 50GB of physical disk space on your drives.

 thin-provisioned disks are created with the amount of physical disk storage used by a virtual disk is equal to the amount of actual data on that disk. If you create a 100GB disk but only use 20GB of that disk, the actual disk consumption on your physical drives will be 20GB.

Note: Versions of ESX prior to 4.0 were only capable of creating thick-provisioned disks.

network throughput test in windows and linux

Install iperf on Ubuntu

root# apt-cache search iperf

iperf - Internet Protocol bandwidth measuring tool

root#apt-get install iperf

Install iperf on RHEL & Fedora

root#yum search iperf

iperf.i686 : Measurement tool for TCP/UDP bandwidth performance

iperf3.i686 : Measurement tool for TCP/UDP bandwidth performance

yum install iperf3.i686

Install iperf for Windows

download iperf.exe and copy into C:\Documents and Settings\abc. abc is the logged-in user location.

iperf can be installed on two machines. You'll run one as a server, and one as a client. On the server side, run below. -s:Act as a Server, -c:Act as a client, -p:specify a port

Open Command prompt and run below commands.

On server side run below and press enter
iperf.exe -s
-------------------------------------
Server listening on TCP port 5001
TCP window size: 8.00 KByte (default)
-------------------------------------


On the client side, run:

iperf.exe -c [server_ip]
iperf.exe -c 192.168.xx.xx
--------------------------------------------------
Client connecting to 192.168.xx.xx, TCP port 5001
TCP window size: 65.0 KByte (default)
--------------------------------------------------
[  3] local 192.168.10.30 port 53345 connected with 192.168.xx.xx port 5001
[ ID] Interval       Transfer     Bandwidth
[  3]  0.0-10.0 sec  37.9 MBytes  31.8 Mbits/sec

what is ssl

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is the standard security technology for establishing an encrypted link between a web server and a browser. This link ensures that all data passed between the web server and browsers remain private and integral. SSL is an industry standard.

What is the different between windows .msi and .msp file

An application that has been installed using the Microsoft Windows Installer can be upgraded by reinstalling an updated installation package (.msi file), or by applying a Windows Installer patch (an .msp file) to the application.

what is Hyper-Threading

Hyper-Threading technology is a technique which enables a single CPU to act like multiple CPU’s.

how to upgrade unbuntu kernel

Follow below steps to upgrade Ubuntu Kernel

#uname -a                                         #Check current Kernel version

#aptitude search linux-image              #Check which is the latest version

#aptitute install update

#aptitute install linux-iamge_***  -y

#reboot                                            #reboot the system to take effect the new change

How to Move or Change Windows Paging File or Virtual Memory location on windows.

How to Move or Change Windows Paging File or Virtual Memory location on windows. 
To enhance performance, it is good practice to put the paging file on a different partition and on a different physical hard disk drive. That way, Windows can handle multiple I/O requests more quickly. When the paging file is on the boot partition, Windows must perform disk reading and writing requests on both the system folder and the paging file. When the paging file is moved to a different partition, there is less competition between reading and writing requests.
Follow the steps to move or change paging file on Windows XP and  Windows Server 2003
   1. Log on to the computer as Administrator.
   2. Open system properties, Press Windows + Pause/Break key to open system properties.
   3. Click the Advanced tab, and then under Performance, click Settings.
   4. Click the Advanced tab, and then under Virtual memory, click Change.
   5. In the Drive [Volume Label] list, click a drive other than the one on which Windows is installed (Windows is usually installed on the drive C). Under Total paging file size for all drives, note the value that is displayed next to Recommended.
   6. Click Custom size, and then type the recommended value in the Initial size (MB) box.
   7. Type the maximum size that you want to allow for paging in the Maximum size (MB) box, and then click Set.
   8. In the Drive [Volume Label] box, click the drive on which Windows is installed (usually the drive C), and then use one of the following steps:
          Note: If you do not want a paging file on the drive, click No paging file, and then click Set. A message similar to the following message appears:
            If the pagefile on volume C: has an initial size of less than 126 megabytes, then the system may not be able to create a debugging information file if a STOP error occurs.
            Continue anyway?
            Click Yes.
          Note: If you want to keep the minimum size of the paging file on the drive, click Custom size, and then type a value that is equal to or greater than the amount of RAM in the computer in the Initial size (MB) box. Type that same value in the Maximum size (MB) box, and then click Set.
  9. The following message appears:
      The changes you have made require you to restart your computer before they can take effect.
      Click OK, click OK, click OK, and then click Yes when you are prompted to restart the computer.

Follow the steps to change or move paging file on Windows 7, Vista and Windows Server 2008.
   1. Log on to the computer as Administrator.
   2. Open system properties, Press Windows + Pause/Break key to open system properties.
   3. Click the Advanced system settings tab, and then under Performance, click Settings.
   4. Click the Advanced tab, and then under Virtual memory, click Change.
   5. In the Drive [Volume Label] list, click a drive other than the one on which Windows is installed (Windows is usually installed on the drive C). Under Total paging file size for all drives, note the value that is displayed next to Recommended.
   6. Click Custom size, and then type the recommended value in the Initial size (MB) box.
   7. Type the maximum size that you want to allow for paging in the Maximum size (MB) box, and then click Set.
   8. In the Drive [Volume Label] box, click the drive on which Windows is installed (usually the drive C), and then use one of the following steps:
          Note: If you do not want a paging file on the drive, click No paging file, and then click Set. A message similar to the following message appears:
            If the pagefile on volume C: has an initial size of less than 126 megabytes, then the system may not be able to create a debugging information file if a STOP error occurs.
            Continue anyway?
            Click Yes.
          Note: If you want to keep the minimum size of the paging file on the drive, click Custom size, and then type a value that is equal to or greater than the amount of RAM in the computer in the Initial size (MB) box. Type that same value in the Maximum size (MB) box, and then click Set.
  9. The following message appears:
      The changes you have made require you to restart your computer before they can take effect.
      Click OK, click OK, click OK, and then click Yes when you are prompted to restart the computer.